Casio fx-9750G PLUS User Manual

Ehttp://world.casio.com/edu_e/User’s Guide fx-9750G PLUSCFX-9850G PLUSCFX-9850GB PLUSCFX-9850GC PLUSCFX-9950GB PLUS

Quick-StartviiiWelcome to the world of graphing calculators.Quick-Start is not a complete tutorial, but it takes you through many of the most commonfu

72

Binary, Octal, Decimal,and HexadecimalCalculationsThis calculator is capable of performing the following operationsinvolving different number systems.

745-1 Before Beginning a Binary, Octal, Decimal, orHexadecimal Calculation with IntegersYou can use the RUN Mode and binary, octal, decimal, and hexad

75• The following are the calculation ranges for each of the number systems.Binary ValuesPositive: 0 < x < 111111111111111Negative: 100000000000

765-2 Selecting a Number SystemYou can specify decimal, hexadecimal, binary, or octal as the default number systemusing the set up screen. After you p

775-3 Arithmetic Operations Example 1 To calculate 101112 + 110102!Z4(Bin)JAbabbb+bbabaw Example 2 To input and execute 1238 × ABC16, when the default

785-4 Negative Values and Bitwise OperationsWhile binary, octal, decimal, or hexadecimal is set as the default number system,press 2 (LOG) to display

Matrix Calculations26 matrix memories (Mat A through Mat Z) plus a Matrix AnswerMemory (MatAns), make it possible to perform the followingmatrix opera

802 (row) × 2 (column) matrix6-1 Before Performing Matrix CalculationsIn the Main Menu, select the MAT icon to enter the Matrix Mode and display itsin

81Specify the number of rows.cwSpecify the number of columns.dw•All of the cells of a new matrix contain the value 0.• If “Mem ERROR” remains next to

Quick-Startix2. Use defc to highlight RUN and thenpress w.This is the initial screen of the RUN mode, where youcan perform manual calculations, and ru

82kkkkk Deleting MatricesYou can delete either a specific matrix or all matrices in memory.uuuuuTo delete a specific matrix1. While the MATRIX list is

836-2 Matrix Cell OperationsUse the following procedure to prepare a matrix for cell operations.1. While the MATRIX list is on the display, use f and

84uuuuuTo calculate the product of a row Example To calculate the product of row 2 of the following matrix and thescalar 4 :12Matrix A =34561(R·OP)2(

85kkkkk Row OperationsThe following menu appears whenever you press 2 (ROW) while a recalledmatrix is on the display.• {DEL} ... {delete row}• {INS} .

86uuuuuTo add a row Example To add a new row below row 3 of the following matrix :12Matrix A =34562(ROW)cc3(ADD)kkkkk Column OperationsThe following

87uuuuuTo insert a column Example To insert a new column between columns 1 and 2 of thefollowing matrix :12Matrix A = 34563(COL)e2(INS)uuuuuTo add a

886-3 Modifying Matrices Using Matrix Commands[OPTN]-[MAT]uuuuuTo display the matrix commands1. From the Main Menu, select the RUN icon and press w.2.

89w•An error occurs if memory becomes full as you are inputting data.•You can also use the above format inside a program that inputs matrix data.uuuuu

90kkkkk Modifying Matrices Using Matrix CommandsYou can also use matrix commands to assign values to and recall values from anexisting matrix, to fill

91 Example 2 To combine the following two matrices :A =1B =324K2(MAT)5(Aug)1(Mat)aA,1(Mat)aBw• The two matrices you combine must have the same number

Quick-Startx1. Press o.2. Press!mSET UPto switch the set up display.3. Press cccc1 (Deg) to specifydegrees as the angle unit.4. Press J to clear the m

926-4 Matrix Calculations [OPTN]-[MAT]Use the matrix command menu to perform matrix calculation operations.uuuuuTo display the matrix commands1. From

93• The two matrices must have the same dimensions in order to be added orsubtracted. An error occurs if you try to add or subtract matrices of differ

94 Example Obtain the determinant for the following matrix :123Matrix A = 456–1 –2 03(Det)1(Mat)aAw•Determinants can be obtained only for square matr

95kkkkk Matrix InversionMatrixMat A!X wMat ZMatAns Example To invert the following matrix :Matrix A =12341(Mat)aA!Xw•Only square matrices (same numbe

96kkkkk Squaring a MatrixMatrixMat AxwMat ZMatAns Example To square the following matrix :Matrix A =12341(Mat)aAxwkkkkk Raising a Matrix to a PowerMa

97 Example To determine the absolute value of the following matrix :Matrix A =1 –2–3 4K6(g)4(NUM)1(Abs)K2(MAT)1(Mat)aAw•Determinants and inverse matr

98

Equation CalculationsYour graphic calculator can perform the following three types ofcalculations:•Linear equations with two to six unknowns•High-orde

1007-1 Before Beginning an Equation CalculationBefore beginning an equation calculation you have to first enter the correct mode,and you must also cle

1017-2 Linear Equations with Two to Six UnknownsYou can use the procedures described here to solve linear equations withunknowns that match the follow

Quick-StartxiFRACTION CALCULATIONSYou can use the $ key to input fractions into calculations. The symbol “ { ” is usedto separate the various parts of

1027 - 2 Linear Equations with Two to Six Unknownskkkkk Solving Linear Equations with Three Unknowns Example To solve the following linear equations

103•Internal calculations are performed using a 15-digit mantissa, but results aredisplayed using a 10-digit mantissa and 2-digit exponent.• This unit

1047-3 Quadratic and Cubic EquationsThis calculator can also solve quadratic and cubic equations that match thefollowing formats (when a GGGGG 0):•Qua

105•Internal calculations are performed using a 15-digit mantissa, but results aredisplayed using a 10-digit mantissa and 2-digit exponent.•An error o

106kkkkk Changing CoefficientsYou can change a coefficient either before or after you register it by pressing w.uuuuuTo change a coefficient before re

1077-4 Solve CalculationsYou can determine the value of any variable you are using without having to solvethe equation.Input the equation, and a table

1083. Input the values.bew(H=14)aw(V=0)cw(T=2)j.iw (G=9.8)4. Press f to move the highlighting to V = 0.5. Press 6 (SOLV) to obtain the solution.•An er

109•Solve uses Newton’s method to calculate approximations. The following cansometimes occur when this method is used.—Solutions may be impossible to

1107-5 What to Do When an Error OccursuuuuuError during coefficient value inputPress the A key to clear the error and return to the value that was reg

GraphingA collection of versatile graphing tools plus a large 127 × 63-dotdisplay makes it easy to draw a variety of function graphs quicklyand easily

Quick-StartxiiEXPONENTSExample:1250 × 2.0651. Press o.2. Press bcfa*c.ag.3. PressM and the ^ indicator appears on the display.4. Press f. The ^5 on t

1128-1 Before Trying to Draw a Graphkkkkk Entering the Graph ModeOn the Main Menu, select the GRAPH icon and enter the GRAPH Mode. Whenyou do, the Gra

1138-2 View Window (V-Window) SettingsUse the View Window to specify the range of the x-and y-axes, and to set thespacing between the increments on ea

114The nearby illustration shows the meaning of each of these parameters.3. To exit the View Window, press J or ! Q.•Pressing w without inputting any

115kkkkk Initializing and Standardizing the View WindowuuuuuTo initialize the View WindowYou can use either of the following two methods to initialize

1168 - 2 View Window (V-Window) Settingskkkkk View Window MemoryYou can store up to six sets of View Window settings in View Window memory forrecall w

1178-3 Graph Function OperationsYou can store up to 20 functions in memory. Functions in memory can be edited,recalled, and graphed.kkkkk Specifying t

118uuuuuTo store a parametric function Example To store the following functions in memory areas Xt3 and Yt3 :x = 3 sin Ty = 3 cos T3(TYPE)3(Parm) (Sp

119kkkkk Editing Functions in MemoryuuuuuTo edit a function in memory Example To change the expression in memory area Y1 from y = 2x2 – 5to y = 2x2 –

120uuuuuTo specify the draw/non-draw status of a graph Example To select the following functions for drawing :Y1 = 2x2 – 5 r2 = 5 sin3θUse the foll

121•You can use the set up screen settings to alter the appearance of the graphscreen as shown below.•Grid: On (Axes: On Label: Off)This setting cau

Quick-StartxiiiGRAPH FUNCTIONSThe graphing capabilities of this calculator makes it possible to draw complex graphsusing either rectangular coordinate

122Graph Function Operations 8 - 38-4 Graph MemoryGraph memory lets you store up to six sets of graph function data and recall itlater when you need i

1238-5 Drawing Graphs ManuallyAfter you select the RUN icon in the Main Menu and enter the RUN Mode, youcan draw graphs manually. First press ! 4 (Ske

124uuuuuTo graph using polar coordinates (r =) [Sketch]-[GRPH]-[r=]You can graph functions that can be expressed in the format r = f (θ). Example To

125uuuuuTo graph parametric functions [Sketch]-[GRPH]-[Parm]You can graph parametric functions that can be expressed in the following format.(X, Y) =

1262. Input the expression.!4(Sketch)1(Cls)w5(GRPH)4(X = c)d3. Press w to draw the graph.uuuuuTo graph inequalities [Sketch]-[GRPH]-[Y>]/[Y<]/[Y

127uuuuuTo draw an integration graph [Sketch]-[GRPH]-[G∫dx]You can graph an integration calculation performed using the function y = f(x). Example To

1288-6 Other Graphing FunctionsThe functions described in this section tell you how to read the x- and y-coordi-nates at a given point, and how to zoo

1291. After drawing the graphs, press 1 (Trace) to display the pointer in the centerof the graph.• The pointer may not be visible on the graphwhen you

130• The following shows how the display of coordinates and the derivative changesaccording to the Graph Type setting.•Rectangular Coordinate Graph •

131kkkkk Graphing in a Specific RangeYou can use the following syntax when inputting a graph to specify a start pointand end point.<function> ,

Quick-Startxiv2. Press 1 (ROOT).Press e for other roots.Example 3: Determine the area bounded by the origin and the X = –1 root obtained forY = X(X +

1326(DRAW) (Draws graph.)↓↓• The function that is input using the above syntax can have only one variable.•You cannot use X, Y, r, θ, or T as the vari

133uuuuuTo use box zoom [Zoom]-[BOX]With box zoom, you draw a box on the display to specify a portion of the graph,and then enlarge the contents of th

134•To return to the original graph, press 2 (Zoom) 6 (g) 1 (ORIG).•Nothing happens if you try to locate the second corner at the same locationor dire

1354. Press J to return to the graphs, and then press 3 (IN) to enlarge them.This enlarged screen makes it clear that the graphs of the two expression

136kkkkk Graph Range Adjustment Function[Zoom]-[SQR]This function makes the View Window x-range value the same as the y-rangevalue. It is helpful when

1372. Press 2 (Zoom) 6 (g).3. Press 3 (RND) and then 1 (Trace). Use d to move the pointer to theother intersection. The rounded coordinate values for

138kkkkk Notes on the Auto View Window, Graph Range Adjustment,Coordinate Rounding, Integer, and Zoom Functions• These functions can be used with all

1398-7 Picture MemoryYou can save up to six graphic image in picture memory for later recall. You canoverdraw the graph on the screen with another gra

1408-8 Graph BackgroundYou can use the set up screen to specify the memory contents of any picturememory area (Pict 1 through Pict 6) as the Backgroun

141Graph Background 8 - 8 Example 2 With a statistical histogram as the background, graph a normaldistributionRecall the backgound graph.(Histogram)Gr

Quick-StartxvDUAL GRAPHWith this function you can split the display between two areas and display two graphson the same screen.Example:To draw the fol

142

Graph SolveYou can use any of the following methods to analyze functiongraphs and approximate results.• Calculating the root•Determination of the loca

1449-1 Before Using Graph SolveAfter using the GRAPH Mode to draw the graph, press ! 5 (G-Solv) todisplay a function menu that contains the following

1459-2 Analyzing a Function GraphThe following two graphs are used for all of the examples in this section, exceptfor the example for determining the

146Search for the next root to the right.e• If there is no root to the right, nothinghappens when you press e.e•You can use d to move back to the left

147Specify the graph and determine the local minimum value.!5(G-Solv)3(MIN) cw• If there is more than one local maximum/minimum value, you can use d a

148kkkkk Determining Points of Intersection for Two Graphs Example To draw the following three graphs and then determine thepoints of intersection fo

149kkkkk Determining a Coordinate (x for a given y/y for a given x) Example To determine the y-coordinate for x = 0.5 and the x-coordinatefor y = 3.2

1509 - 2 Analyzing a Function Graph• If there is more than one x-coordinate value for a given y-coordinate value ormore than one y-coordinate value fo

151Input the upper limit and determine the integral.e~e(Upper limit; x = 0)w• The lower limit must be less than the upper limit when specifying the in

Quick-Startxvi3. Use d, e, f, and c to move the pointeragain. As you do, a box appears on the display. Movethe pointer so the box encloses the area yo

152

Sketch FunctionThe sketch function lets you draw lines and graphs on an existinggraph.•Note that Sketch function operation in the STAT, GRAPH,TABLE, R

15410-1 Before Using the Sketch FunctionPress ! 4 (Sketch) to display the sketch menu.STAT, GRAPH, TABLE, RECUR, CONICS Mode•{Cls} ... {clears drawn l

15510-2 Graphing with the Sketch FunctionThe sketch function lets you draw lines and plot points on a graph that is alreadyon the screen.All the examp

156uuuuuTo draw a tangent in the RUN or PRGM ModeThe following is the command syntax for drawing a tangent in these modes.Tangent <graph function&g

1573. Press w to draw the line.uuuuuTo draw a line normal to a curve in the RUN or PRGM ModeThe following is the syntax for drawing a line normal to a

15810 - 2 Graphing with the Sketch Functionkkkkk Plotting Points[Sketch]-[PLOT]When plotting points on a graph, first display the sketch menu and then

1591. After entering the RUN Mode, display the sketch menu and perform thefollowing operation.!4(Sketch)6(g)1(PLOT)1(Plot)c,c2. Press w and the pointe

160uuuuuTo turn plot points on and off in the RUN or PRGM ModeThe following are the syntax for turning plot points on and off in these modes.• To turn

1614. Display the sketch menu and then press 6 (g) 2 (LINE) 1 (Line) to drawa line to the second dot.uuuuuTo draw a line between any two points in the

Quick-Startxvii4. Press 4 (VAR) bw to assign an initial valueof 1 to coefficient A.1 234565. Press 2 (RANG) bwdwbwto specify the range

162kkkkk Drawing a Circle[Sketch]-[Crcl]You can use the following procedures to draw a circle on a graph.uuuuuTo draw a circle in the STAT, GRAPH, TAB

163kkkkk Drawing Vertical and Horizontal Lines[Sketch]-[Vert]/[Hztl]The procedures presented here draw vertical and horizontal lines that passthrough

164 Example To draw on the graph of y = x(x + 2)(x – 2)1. After drawing a graph, display the sketch menu and then press 6 (g) 6 (g)1 (PEN) to display

165Graphing with the Sketch Function 10 - 2uuuuuTo insert text in the RUN or PRGM ModeThe following is the syntax for inserting text in these modes.Te

166uuuuuTo check the on/off status of a pixel [Sketch]-[Test]While the sketch menu is on the screen, press 6 (g) 6 (g) 4 (Test) and theninput the comm

Dual GraphDual Graph lets you split the display between two differentscreens, which you can then use to draw different graphs at thesame time. Dual Gr

168P.7P.11211-1 Before Using Dual Graph1. From the Main Menu, enter the GRAPH Mode. Next, display the set up screenand specify “Graph” for Dual Screen

169Before Using Dual Graph 11 - 111-2 Specifying the Left and Right View WindowParametersYou can specify different View Window parameter for the left

17011-3 Drawing a Graph in the Active ScreenYou can draw graphs in the active screen. You can then copy or move the graph tothe inactive screen.uuuuuD

17111-4 Displaying a Graph in the Inactive ScreenThere are two methods you can use to display a graph in the inactive screen. Youcan copy a graph from

fx-9750G PLUS owners...This manual covers the operations of various different calculator models. Note the meaning of the followingsymbols when using t

Quick-StartxviiiTABLE FUNCTIONThe Table Function makes it possible to generate a table of solutions as different valuesare assigned to the variables o

172kkkkk Switching the Contents of the Active and Inactive ScreensSwitch the screens.K2(SWAP)• Note that using 2 (SWAP) to switch the screens also swi

173Swap the screens so the graph is on the inactive (right) screen.K2(SWAP)Select the function for the graph that you want in the now-empty active (le

174kkkkk Other Graph Functions with Dual GraphAfter drawing a graph using Dual Graph, you can use the trace, zoom, sketch andscroll functions. Note, h

Graph-to-TableWith this function, the screen shows both a graph and a table.You can move a pointer around the graph and store its currentcoordinates i

17612-1 Before Using Graph-to-Table1. In the Main Menu, select the GRAPH icon and enter the GRAPH Mode. Next,use the set up screen to set the Dual Scr

17712-2 Using Graph-to-TableuuuuuTo store graph pointer coordinates in a table• If the Derivative item in the set up screen is set to “On”, the deriva

1786. Pressing A causes the highlighting toappear in the table. You can then usethe cursor keys to move the highlightingaround the table and check its

179Using Graph-to-Table 12 - 2kkkkk Graph-to-Table Precautions• The only coordinates that can be saved in the table are those where thepointer can mov

180

Dynamic GraphThe Dynamic Graph Mode of this calculator shows you real-timerepresentations of changes in a graph as coefficients and termsare changed.

•Your calculator is made up of precision components. Never try to take it apart.•Avoid dropping your calculator and subjecting it to strong impact.•Do

18213-1 Before Using Dynamic GraphIn the Main Menu, select the DYNA icon and enter the DYNA Mode. When you dothe dynamic function list appears on the

183P.11713-2 Storing, Editing, and Selecting DynamicGraph FunctionsIn addition to the seven built-in functions, you can input 20 of your own DynamicFu

18413-3 Drawing a Dynamic GraphThe following is the general procedure you should use to draw a Dynamic Graph.1. Select or input a function.2. Define t

1852. Display the coefficient menu.4(VAR) or wFunction being graphedCoefficient whose value will changeCoefficients in function• {SEL} ... {selects dy

1865. Change the range settings.cw J• If you want to change the Dynamic Graphspeed, press 3 (SPEED).You can set the Dynamic Graph speed to any one of

187→←↓↑→←The above sequence continues to repeat from 1 through 4.Graph is drawn 10 times.•While the message “One Moment Please!” is shown on the displ

188•Pressing A while the Dynamic Graph is being drawn changes to the drawingspeed setting display. The draw operation is suspended at this time, and y

189Drawing a Dynamic Graph 13 - 32. Start drawing of the Dynamic Graph.6(DYNA)w ···→←···w•Pressing A while the Dynamic Graph is being drawn changes to

19013-4 Using Dynamic Graph MemoryYou can store Dynamic Graph conditions and screen data in Dynamic Graphmemory for later recall when you need it. Thi

191Drawing a Dynamic Graph 13 - 313-5 Dynamic Graph Application Examples Example To use Dynamic Graph to graph the parabolas produced byballs thrown

xxBe sure to keep physical records of all important data!The large memory capacity of the unit makes it possible to store large amounts of data. You s

192

Conic Section GraphsYou can graph any one of the following types of conic sectionsusing the calculator’s built-in functions.• Parabolic graph• Circle

19414-1 Before Graphing a Conic Sectionkkkkk Entering the CONICS Mode1. In the Main Menu, select the CONICS icon and enter the CONICS Mode.When you do

19514-2 Graphing a Conic Section Example 1 To graph the circle (X – 1)2 + (Y – 1)2 = 22Use the following View Window parameters.Xmin = –6.3 Ymin = –3.

19614 - 2 Graphing a Conic Section(X – 3)2(Y – 1)2 Example 2 To graph the hyperbola –––––––––– – –––––––––– = 12222Use the following View Window par

197Graphing a Conic Section 14 - 2•Conic section graphs can be drawn in blue only.•You cannot overwrite conic section graphs.• The calculator automati

198•A hyperbola is the locus of points related to two given points F and F’ suchthat the difference in distances of each point from the two given poin

19914-3 Conic Section Graph AnalysisYou can determine approximations of the following analytical results using conicsection graphs.• Focus/vertex calc

2005 (G-Solv)1 (FOCS)(Calculates the focus.)5 (G-Solv)4 (VTX)(Calculates the vertex.)•When calculating two foci for an ellipse or hyperbolic graph, pr

2015 (G-Solv)1 (CNTR)(Calculates the center.)5 (G-Solv)2 (RADS)(Calculates the radius.)uuuuuTo calculate the x- and y-intercepts [G-Solv]-[X-IN]/[Y-IN

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202uuuuuTo draw and analyze the axis of symmetry and directrix[G-Solv]-[SYM]/[DIR] Example To draw the axis of symmetry and directrix for the parabol

203•Certain View Window parameters can produce errors in values produced asgraph analysis result.• The message ”Not Found” appears on the display when

204

Table & GraphWith Table & Graph, you can generate tables of discreet datafrom functions and recursion formulas, and then use the valuesfor gra

20615-1 Before Using Table & GraphFirst select the TABLE icon on the Main Menu and then enter the TABLE Mode.When you do, the table function list

20715-2 Storing a Function and Generating a NumericTableuuuuuTo store a function Example To store the function y = 3x2 – 2 in memory area Y1Use f and

208uuuuuTo generate a table using a list1. In the TABLE Mode, display the set up screen.2. Highlight Variable and then press 2 (LIST) to display the l

209You can use cursor keys to move the highlighting around the table for the followingpurposes.•To display the selected cell’s value at the bottom of

21015 - 2 Storing a Function and Generating a Numeric Table15-3 Editing and Deleting FunctionsuuuuuTo edit a function Example To change the function

21115-4 Editing Tables and Drawing GraphsYou can use the table menu to perform any of the following operations once yougenerate a table.•Change the va

ContentsxxiiGetting Acquainted — Read This First! ... 11. Key Markings ...

212kkkkk Row OperationsThe following menu appears whenever you press 3 (ROW) while the table menuis on the display.• {DEL} ... {delete row}• {INS} ...

213kkkkk Deleting a Table1. Display the table you want to delete and then press 2 (DEL).2. Press 1 (YES) to delete the table or 6 (NO) to abort the op

214uuuuuTo graph only a selected function Example To graph y = 3x2 – 2, which is stored in memory area Y1, as aconnect type graph.Use the following V

215uuuuuTo graph a function using Dual ScreenSelecting “T+G” for the Dual Screen item of the set up screen makes it possible todisplay both the graph

21615-5 Copying a Table Column to a ListA simple operation lets you copy the contents of a numeric table column into a list.uuuuuTo copy a table to a

Recursion Table andGraphYou can input two formulas for any of the three following types ofrecursion, which you can then use to generate a table and dr

21816-1 Before Using the Recursion Table andGraph FunctionuuuuuTo enter the RECUR ModeOn the Main Menu, select the RECUR icon and enter the RECUR Mode

21916-2 Inputting a Recursion Formula andGenerating a Table Example 1 To input an+1 = 2an + 1 and generate a table of values as thevalue of n change f

220•Displayed cell values show positive integers up to six digits, and negativeintegers up to five digits (one digit used for negative sign). Exponent

2214. Display the table of the recursion formula. At this time, a menu of tablefunctions appears at the bottom of the screen.J6(TABL)• There can be on

xxiiiContentsChapter 7 Equation Calculations ... 997-1 Before Beginning an Equation Ca

22216 - 2 Inputting a Recursion Formula and Generating a TableuuuuuTo specify the generation/non-generation status of a formula Example To specify ge

22316-3 Editing Tables and Drawing GraphsYou get a choice of four options for editing tables and drawing graphs.•Deletion of a recursion formula table

224uuuuuTo specify the color of the graph ({BLUE}/{ORNG}/{GRN})The default color for a graph is blue. Use the following procedure to change thegraph c

225Editing Tables and Drawing Graphs 16 - 3 Example 2 Draw a graph of an+1 = 2an + 1 with Σan on the vertical axis and non the horizontal axis, and wi

2262. Press w, and the pointer appears at the pointer start point (anStr = 0.01).• The Y value for the pointer start point is always 0.3. Each press o

2272. Press w and then either f or c to make the pointer appear at the pointerstart point (bnStr = 0.02).• The Y value for the pointer start point is

22816 - 3 Editing Tables and Drawing Graphskkkkk Drawing a Recursion Formula Graph Using Dual ScreenSelecting “T+G” for the Dual Screen item of the se

Chapter17List FunctionA list is a kind of container that you can use to store multiple dataitems.This calculator lets you store up to six lists in a s

List Data Linking230Matrix TableLISTList operationExample:List 1 + List 2{1, 2, 3} + {4, 5, 6}List 1 + 3From a graph to a listTable data generated byG

23117-1 List OperationsSelect the LIST icon in the Main Menu and enter the LIST Mode to input data intoa list and to manipulate list data.uuuuuTo inpu

xxivContentsChapter 15 Table & Graph ... 20515-1 Before Using Table &am

232uuuuuTo batch input a series of values1. Use the cursor keys to move the highlighting to another list.2. Press !{, and then input the values you wa

23317-2 Editing and Rearranging Listskkkkk Editing List ValuesuuuuuTo change a cell valueUse d or e to move the highlighting to the cell whose value y

234uuuuuTo insert a new cell1. Use the cursor keys to move the highlighting to the location where you want toinsert the new cell.2. Press 5 (INS) to i

2353. In response to the “Select List (L)” prompt, input the number of the list you wantto sort. Here we will input 2 to specify sorting of List 2.cwD

236Descending orderUse the same procedure as that for the ascending order sort. The only differenceis that you should press 2 (SRT-D) in place of 1 (S

23717-3 Manipulating List DataList data can be used in arithmetic and function calculations. In addition, variouslist data manipulation functions make

238 Example To create five data items (each of which contains 0) in List 1AfaK1(LIST) 3(Dim)1(List) bwUse the following procedure to specify the numb

239Manipulating List Data 17 - 3 Example To input the number sequence 12, 62, 112 into a listUse the following settings.Variable: x Ending value: 11S

240uuuuuTo find which of two lists contains the greatest value[OPTN]-[LIST]-[Max]Use the same procedure as that for the smallest value, except press 2

241uuuuuTo calculate the median of values of specified frequency[OPTN]-[LIST]-[Med]This procedure uses two lists: one that contains values and one tha

xxvContents20-3 Debugging a Program ... 35820-4 Calculating the Number of

242 Example To calculate the cumulative frequency of each value in List 1(2, 3, 6, 5, 4)AK1(LIST)6(g)6(g)3(Cuml)6(g)1(List)bwuuuuuTo calculate the pe

243•You can specify the location of the new list (List 1 through List 6) with astatement like: A List 1 → List 2. You cannot specify another memory o

24417-4 Arithmetic Calculations Using ListsYou can perform arithmetic calculations using either two lists or one list and anumeric value.ListNumeric V

245Arithmetic Calculations Using Lists 17 - 4 Example 1 To input the list: 56, 82, 64!{fg,ic,ge!}41 6 Example 2 To multiply List 3 ( = 65 ) by the

246kkkkk Recalling List Contents Example To recall the contents of List 1K1(LIST)1(List)bw• The above operation displays the contents of the list you

247–0.158The resulting list 0.8268 is stored in ListAns Memory.–8E–3In place of the 1 (List) d operation in the above procedure, you could input!{

24817-5 Switching Between List FilesYou can store up to six lists (List 1 to List 6) in each file (File 1 to File 6). A simpleoperation lets you switc

Chapter18Statistical Graphs andCalculationsThis chapter describes how to input statistical data into lists, howto calculate the mean, maximum and othe

25018-1 Before Performing Statistical CalculationsIn the Main Menu, select the STAT icon to enter the STAT Mode and display thestatistical data lists.

25118-2 Paired-Variable Statistical CalculationExamplesOnce you input data, you can use it to produce a graph and check for tendencies.You can also us

xxviContents

252While the statistical data list is on the display, perform the following procedure.!Z2(Man)J(Returns to previous menu.)• It is often difficult to s

253•Note that the StatGraph1 setting is for Graph 1 (GPH1 of the graph menu),StatGraph2 is for Graph 2, and StatGraph3 is for Graph 3.2. Use the curso

254uuuuuTo display the general graph settings screen [GRPH]-[SET]Pressing 6 (SET) displays the general graph settings screen.• The settings shown here

255uuuuuGraph Color (graph color specification)•{Blue}/{Orng}/{Grn} ... {blue}/{orange}/{green}uuuuuOutliers (outliers specification)•{On}/{Off} ... {

256kkkkk Displaying Statistical Calculation ResultsWhenever you perform a regression calculation, the regression formula parameter(such as a and b in

257Calculating and Graphing Single-Variable Statistical Data 18 - 318-3 Calculating and Graphing Single-VariableStatistical DataSingle-variable data i

258To plot the data that falls outside the box, first specify “MedBox” as the graphtype. Then, on the same screen you use to specify the graph type, t

259Calculating and Graphing Single-Variable Statistical Data 18 - 3kkkkk Broken Line GraphP. 254 A broken line graph is formed by plotting the data in

260minX ... minimumQ1 ... first quartileMed ... medianQ3 ... third quartile_x –xσn ...

26118-4 Calculating and Graphing Paired-VariableStatistical DataUnder “Plotting a Scatter Diagram,” we displayed a scatter diagram and thenperformed a

Getting Acquainted — Read This First!Getting Acquainted— Read This First!About this User’s GuideuFunction Keys and Menus•Many of the operations perfor

2626(DRAW)a ... Med-Med graph slopeb ... Med-Med graph y-interceptkkkkk Quadratic/Cubic/Quartic Regression GraphP. 254 A quadratic/cubic/quartic

263Calculating and Graphing Paired-Variable Statistical Data 18 - 4kkkkk Logarithmic Regression GraphP. 254 Logarithmic regression expresses y as a lo

26418 - 4 Calculating and Graphing Paired-Variable Statistical Datakkkkk Power Regression GraphP.254 Exponential regression expresses y as a proportio

265Calculating and Graphing Paired-Variable Statistical Data 18 - 4Gas bills, for example, tend to be higher during the winter when heater use ismore

266y = C1 + ae–bx6(g)6(g)1(Lgst)6(DRAW) Example Imagine a country that started out with a television diffusionrate of 0.3% in 1966, which grew rapidl

267Draw a logistic regression graph based on the parameters obtained from theanalytical results.6(DRAW)kkkkk Residual CalculationActual plot points (y

268•Use c to scroll the list so you can view the items that run off the bottom of thescreen._x ... mean of xList dataΣx ...

269kkkkk Multiple GraphsYou can draw more than one graph on the same display by using the procedureP. 252 under “Changing Graph Parameters” to set the

27018 - 5 Performing Statistical Calculations18-5 Performing Statistical CalculationsAll of the statistical calculations up to this point were perform

271Performing Statistical Calculations 18 - 5Now you can use the cursor keys to view the characteristics of the variables.For details on the meanings

iBEFORE USING THE CALCULATORFOR THE FIRST TIME...Be sure to perform the following procedure to load batteries, reset the calculator, andadjust the con

21. Key MarkingsMany of the calculator’s keys are used to perform more than one function. Thefunctions marked on the keyboard are color coded to help

272kkkkk Estimated Value Calculation (, )After drawing a regression graph with the STAT Mode, you can use the RUNMode to calculate estimated values f

273kkkkk Normal Probability Distribution Calculation and GraphingYou can calculate and graph normal probability distributions for single-variablestati

2742. Use the STAT Mode to perform the single-variable statistical calculations.2(CALC)6(SET)1(List1)c3(List2)J1(1VAR)3. Press m to display the Main M

275kkkkk Normal Probability GraphingYou can graph a normal probability distribution with Graph Y = in the Sketch Mode. Example To graph normal probab

27618-6 TestsThe Z Test provides a variety of different standardization-based tests. They makeit possible to test whether or not a sample accurately r

2772-Sample F Test tests the hypothesis that there will be no change in the result fora population when a result of a sample is composed of multiple f

278The following shows the meaning of each item in the case of list data specifica-tion.Data ... data typeµ... populati

279Perform the following key operations from the statistical result screen.J(To data input screen)cccccc(To Execute line)6(DRAW)uuuuu2-Sample Z TestTh

280The following shows the meaning of parameter data specification items that aredifferent from list data specification.o1 ... sample

281uuuuu1-Prop Z TestThis test is used to test for an unknown proportion of successes. The 1-Prop ZTest is applied to the normal distribution.Z = nxnp

32. Selecting Icons and Entering ModesThis section describes how to select an icon in the Main Menu to enter the mode you want.uTo select an icon1. Pr

282The following key operations can be used to draw a graph.Jcccc6(DRAW)uuuuu2-Prop Z TestThis test is used to compare the proportion of successes. Th

2833(>)cccfwdaawcdawdaaw1(CALC)p1>p2 ... direction of testz ... z valuep ... p-valueˆp 1 ...

284The following shows the meaning of each item in the case of list data specification.Data ... data typeµ... populatio

285uuuuu2-Sample t Test2-Sample t Test compares the population means when the population standarddeviations are unknown. The 2-Sample t Test is applie

286The following shows the meaning of each item in the case of list data specifica-tion.Data ... data typeµ1 ... sample

287µ1Gµ2 ... direction of testt...t valuep ... p-valuedf ... degrees of freedomo1 ...

288The following shows the meaning of each item in the case of list data specifica-tion.β & ρ... p-value test conditions (“G 0” specif

289kkkkk Other Testsuuuuuχ2 Testχ2 Test sets up a number of independent groups and tests hypotheses related tothe proportion of the sample included in

290χ2... χ2 valuep ... p-valuedf ... degrees of freedomExpected ... expected counts (Result i

291The following shows the meaning of parameter data specification items that aredifferent from list data specification.x1σn-1 ... sample

4TABLE Use this mode to store functions, togenerate a numeric table of differentsolutions as the values assigned to variablesin a function change, and

292uuuuuAnalysis of Variance (ANOVA)ANOVA tests the hypothesis that when there are multiple samples, the means ofthe populations of the samples are al

2932(3)c1(List1)c2(List2)c3(List3)c1(CALC)F ... F valuep ... p-valuexpσn-1 ... pooled sample standard

29418 - 8 Confidence Interval18-7 Confidence IntervalA confidence interval is a range (interval) that includes a statistical value, usuallythe populat

295kkkkk Z Confidence IntervalYou can use the following menu to select from the different types of Z confidenceinterval.•{1-S}/{2-S}/{1-P}/{2-P} ... {

296 Example To calculate the 1-Sample Z Interval for one list of dataFor this example, we will obtain the Z Interval for the data{11.2, 10.9, 12.5, 1

297σ1 ... population standard deviation of sample 1 (σ1 > 0)σ2 ... population standard deviation of sample 2 (σ2

298uuuuu1-Prop Z Interval1-Prop Z Interval uses the number of data to calculate the confidence interval foran unknown proportion of successes.The foll

299uuuuu2-Prop Z Interval2-Prop Z Interval uses the number of data items to calculate the confidenceinterval for the defference between the proportion

300ˆp 1 ... estimated sample propotion for sample 1ˆp 2 ... estimated sample propotion for sample 2n1 ...

301 Example To calculate the 1-Sample t Interval for one list of dataFor this example, we will obtain the 1-Sample t Interval for data= {11.2, 10.9,

5Selecting Icons and Entering Modes 23. Use the f and c cursor keys to move the highlighting to the item whosesetting you want to change.4. Press the

302Perform the following key operations from the statistical data list.4(INTR)2(t)2(2-S)The following shows the meaning of each item in the case of li

303 Example To calculate the 2-Sample t Interval when two lists of data areinputFor this example, we will obtain the 2-Sample t Interval for data 1=

30418-8 DistributionThere is a variety of different types of distribution, but the most well-known is“normal distribution,” which is essential for per

305kkkkk Normal DistributionYou can use the following menu to select from the different types of calculation.•{Npd}/{Ncd}/{InvN} ... {normal probabili

306Perform the following key operations to display a graph.Jccc6(DRAW)uuuuuNormal distribution probabilityNormal distribution probability calculates t

307• This calculator performs the above calculation using the following:∞ = 1E99, –∞ = –1E99uuuuuInverse cumulative normal distributionInverse cumula

308kkkkk Student-t DistributionYou can use the following menu to select from the different types of Student-tdistribution.•{tpd}/{tcd} ... {Student-t

309Perform the following key operation to display a graph.Jcc6(DRAW)uuuuuStudent-t distribution probabilityStudent-t distribution probability calculat

310kkkkk Chi-square DistributionYou can use the following menu to select from the different types of chi-squaredistribution.•{Cpd}/{Ccd} ... {χ2 proba

311Perform the following key operations to display a graph.Jcc6(DRAW)uuuuuχ2 distribution probabilityχ2 distribution probability calculates the probab

6uCoord (graph pointer coordinate display)•{On}/{Off} ... {display on}/{display off}uGrid (graph gridline display)•{On}/{Off} ... {display on}/{displa

312kkkkk F DistributionYou can use the following menu to select from the different types of F distribution.•{Fpd}/{Fcd} ... {F probability density}/{F

313uuuuuF distribution probabilityF distribution probability calculates the probability of F distribution data fallingbetween two specific values.p =

314uuuuuBinomial probabilityBinomial probability calculates a probability at specified value for the discretebinomial distribution with the specified

315uuuuuBinomial cumulative densityBinomial cumulative density calculates a cumulative probability at specified valuefor the discrete binomial distrib

316kkkkk Poisson DistributionYou can use the following menu to select from the different types of Poissondistribution.•{Ppd}/{Pcd} ... {Poisson probab

317uuuuuPoisson cumulative densityPoisson cumulative density calculates a cumulative probability at specified valuefor the discrete Poisson distributi

318uuuuuGeometric probabilityGeometric probability calculates a probability at specified value, the number of thetrial on which the first success occu

319uuuuuGeometric cumulative densityGeometric cumulative density calculates a cumulative probability at specifiedvalue, the number of the trial on whi

98

Chapter19Financial Calculations19-1 Before Performing Financial Calculations19-2 Simple Interest Calculations19-3 Compound Interest Calculations19-4 I

7uList File (list file specification)•{File 1} to {File 6} ... {specification of which list file to display while using theList function}uDual Screen

32219-1 Before Performing Financial CalculationsThe Financial Mode provides you with the tools to perform the following types offinancial calculations

323•Drawing a financial graph while the Label item is turned on, displays the labelCASH for the vertical axis (deposits, withdrawals), and TIME for th

32419-2 Simple Interest CalculationsThis calculator uses the following formulas to calculate simple interest.365-day ModeSI' = n365× PV × iSI&apo

325Now you can perform the following key operations to return to the input screenand then display the principal plus interest.1(REPT) (Returns to the

32619-3 Compound Interest CalculationsThis calculator uses the following standard formulas to calculate compoundinterest.uuuuuFormula IPV+PMT × + FVi(

327nPMT = – PV + FVPMTn = – PV + FV•A deposit is indicated by a plus sign (+), while a withdrawal is indicated by aminus sign (–).uuuuuConverting be

32819 - 3 Compound Interest CalculationsPMT ... payment for each installment (payment in case of loan;deposit in case of savings)FV ...

329Now you can press 6 to draw a cash flow graph.6(GRPH)The left side is PV, while the right side is FV. The upper part of the graph ispositive (+), w

330 Example Calculate the interest rate required to repay a $2,300 balanceon a loan in two years paying back $100 per month, wheninterest is compound

331kkkkk SavingsuuuuuFuture value Example Calculate the future value after 7.6 years for a principal of $500and an interest rate of 6%, compounded an

82 Selecting Icons and Entering Modes3. Displayk About the Display ScreenThis calculator uses two types of display: a text display and a graphic displ

332Perform the following key operations from the input screen.baw(Input n = 10.)c-gaaaw(PV = –6,000)aw(PMT = 0)baaaaw(FV = 10,000)bwbcw(Monthly compou

333Perform the following key operations from the input screen.f*bcw(Input n = 5 × 12.)gw(I = 6.0%)aw(PV = 0)-cfawcbcw(Monthly installments)(Monthly co

334uuuuuNumber of installments Example Calculate the number of monthly $84 installments required toaccumulate a total of $6,000 at an annual interest

335Perform the following key operations from the input screen.b*bcw(Input n = 1 × 12.)e.fw-baaaw(PV = –1,000)-faaw(PMT = –500)cbcw(Monthly installment

336uuuuuNumber of installments Example Calculate the number of years it will take to repay a $60,000loan borrowed at 5.5%, compounded monthly, with m

33719-4 Investment AppraisalThis calculator uses the discounted cash flow (DCF) method to perform invest-ment appraisal by totalling cash flow for a f

338uuuuuPBPPBP is the value of n when NPV > 0 (when investment can be recovered).Press 3 (CASH) from the initial screen 1 to display the following

339Investment Appraisal 19 - 4Perform the following key operations from the input screen.bbw(I% = 11)6(List)2(List2)1(NPV)Now you can press 6 to draw

34019 - 4 Investment AppraisalOn the Main Menu, select the LIST icon to enter the LIST Mode and perform thefollowing key operations.ee(List 3)-baaaawc

341Investment Appraisal 19 - 419-5 Amortization of a LoanThis calculator can be used to calculate the principal and interest portion of amonthly insta

9• Direct Command ExecutionExample: Selecting executes the DRAW command.k Exponential DisplayThe calculator normally displays values up to 10 digits

342The following calculation is performed after conversion from the nominal interestrate to the effective interest rate, and the result is used for al

343Amortization of a Loan 19 - 5Perform the following key operations from the input screen.bf*bcw (Input n = 15 × 12.)g.fwbeaaaaw (PV = 140,000)caw (F

34419 - 5 Amortization of a LoanCalculate ΣINT from installment 24 to 49.1 (REPT)4 (ΣINT)Calculate ΣPRN.1 (REPT)5 (ΣPRN)Now you can press 6 to draw a

345P.619-6 Conversion between Percentage InterestRate and Effective Interest RatePress 5 (CNVT) in the Financial 1 screen to display the following inp

346 Example Calculate the annual percentage rate for an account paying aneffective interest rate of 12.55%, compounded quarterly.In the set up screen

34719-7 Cost, Selling Price, Margin CalculationsCost, selling price, or margin can be calculated by inputting the other two values.CST = SEL100MAR1– S

348kkkkk Selling Price Example Calculate the selling price for a cost of $1,200 and a margin of45%.Perform the following key operations from the inpu

34919-8 Day/Date CalculationsYou can calculate the number of days between two dates, or you can determinewhat date comes a specific number of days bef

350Perform the following key operations from the input screen.i.aibjghw(d1 = August 8, 1967)h.bfbjhaw(d2 = July 15,1970)1(PRD)Prd ... n

Programming20-1 Before Programming20-2 Programming Examples20-3 Debugging a Program20-4 Calculating the Number of Bytes Used by a Program20-5 Secret F

10k Special Display FormatsThis calculator uses special display formats to indicate fractions, hexadecimalvalues, and sexagesimal values.uFractions...

35220-1 Before ProgrammingThe programming function helps to make complex, often-repeated calculationsquick and easy. Commands and calculations

35320-2 Programming Examples Example 1 To calculate the surface area and volume of three regularoctahedrons of the dimensions shown in the table below

354•Use 1 (RUN) to input a program for general calculations (a program to beexecuted in the COMP Mode). For programs that involve number systemspecifi

355•Pressing 6 (SYBL) displays a menu of symbols ( ’, ”, ~, *, /, # ) that can beinput into a program.•Pressing ! Z displays a menu of commands that c

356The following shows examples of how to actually use the ? and ^ commands.!W4(?)aaA6(g)5(:)c*!9d*aAx6(g)5(^)!9c/d*aAMd!Q or JJuuuuuTo run a program1

357w············•Pressing w while the program’s final result is on the display re-executes theprogram.P. 378 •You can also run a program while in the

35820-3 Debugging a ProgramA problem in a program that keeps the program from running correctly is called a“bug,” and the process of eliminating such

35920-4 Calculating the Number of Bytes Used by aProgramThere are two types of commands: 1-byte* commands and 2-byte* commands.*A byte is a unit of me

36020-5 Secret FunctionWhen inputting a program, you can protect it with a password that limits access tothe program contents to those who know the pa

3612. Press 2 (EDIT).3. Input the password and press w to recall the program.• The message “Mismatch” appears if you input the wrong password.Secret F

114. Contrast AdjustmentAdjust the contrast whenever objects on the display appear dim or difficult to see.uTo display the contrast adjustment screenH

36220-6 Searching for a FileThere are three different methods for searching for a specific file name.uuuuuTo find a file using scroll search Example

3632. Press w to search.•All files whose file names start with the characters you input are recalled.• If there is no program whose file name starts w

36420-7 Searching for Data Inside a Program Example To search for the letter “A” inside the program named OCTA1. Recall the program.2. Press 3 (SRC)

36520-8 Editing File Names and Program ContentsuuuuuTo edit a file name Example To change the name of a file from TRIANGLE to ANGLE1. While the progr

366Use TETRA as the file name.Length of One Side (A) Surface Area (S) Volume (V)A7 cm cm2cm310 cm cm2cm315 cm cm2cm3The following are the formulas use

367cd![bcD!QLet’s try running the program.Length of One Side (A) Surface Area (S) Volume (V)7 cm 84.87048957 cm240.42293766 cm310 cm 173.2050808 cm211

36820-9 Deleting a ProgramThere are two methods for deletion of a file name and its program.uuuuuTo delete a specific program1. While the program list

36920-10 Useful Program CommandsIn addition to calculation commands, this calculator also includes a variety ofrelational and jump commands that can b

370kkkkk DISP (display command menu)Selecting {DISP} from the program menu displays the following function menuitems.u {Stat}/{Grph}/{Dyna} ... {stati

37120-11 Command Referencekkkkk Command IndexBreak ... 378ClrGraph .

ii5. Press m.• If the Main Menu shown above is not on the display,press the P button on the back of the calculator toperform memory reset.6. Use the c

125. When you keep having problems…If you keep having problems when you are trying to perform operations, try thefollowing before assuming that there

37220- 11 Command ReferenceThe following are conventions that are used in this section when describing thevarious commands.Boldface Text ...

373Command Reference 20- 11: (Multi-statement Command)Function: Connects two statements for sequential execution without stopping.Description:1. Unlik

37420- 11 Command ReferenceIf~Then~IfEndFunction: The Then-statement is executed only when the If-condition is true (non-zero). The IfEnd-statement is

375Command Reference 20- 11If~Then~Else~IfEndFunction: The Then-statement is executed only when the If-condition is true(non-zero). The Else-statement

37620- 11 Command ReferenceParameters:• control variable name: A to Z•starting value: value or expression that produces a value (i.e. sin x, A, etc.)•

377Command Reference 20- 113. Making the starting value less than the ending value and specifying a positivestep value causes the control variable to

3782. Since the condition comes after the While-statement, the condition is tested(checked) before the commands inside the loop are executed.Example:

379Command Reference 20- 11Main Routine SubroutinesDC E I JProg ”E” Prog ”I” Prog ”J”AProg ”D”Prog ”C”Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 44. Calling up a s

380Example: For 2 → I To 10_If I = 5_Then ”STOP” : Stop_IfEnd_NextThis program counts from 2 to 10. When the count reaches 5, however,it terminates ex

381Command Reference 20- 112. This command can be used to loop back to the beginning of a program or tojump to any location within the program.3. This

Basic Operation1-1 Before Starting Calculations...1-2 Memory1-3 Option (OPTN) Menu1-4 Variable Data (VARS) Menu1-5 Program (PRGM) Menu1Chapter

382Parameters:left side/right side: variable (A to Z, r, θ), numeric constant, variable expression(such as: A × 2)relational operator: =, GGGGG, >,

383Command Reference 20- 11kkkkk Display Commands (DISP)DispF-Tbl, DispR-TblFunction: These commands display numeric tables.Syntax:DispF-Tbl_DispR-Tbl

384DrawR-Con, DrawR-PltFunction: These commands graph recursion expressions, with an(bn) as thevertical axis and n as the horizontal axis.Syntax:DrawR

385Description:1. This command graphs convergence/divergence of a recursion expression(WEB graph).2. Omitting the number of lines specification automa

38620- 11 Command ReferenceSyntax:Locate <column number>, <line number>, <value>Locate <column number>, <line number>, &

387Command Reference 20- 11Send (Function: This command sends data to an external device.Syntax: Send (<data>)Description:1. This command sends

38820-12 Text DisplayYou can include text in a program by simply enclosing it between double quotationmarks. Such text appears on the display during p

38920-13 Using Calculator Functions in Programskkkkk Using Matrix Row Operations in a ProgramP.80 These commands let you manipulate the rows of a matr

390uuuuuTo calculate a scalar multiplication and add the results to anotherrow (`````Row+) Example 3To calculate the product of Row 2 of the matrix in

391Using Calculator Functions in Programs 20- 133Y = Type_3 4431”X ^ 4–X ^ 3– 24X2 + 4X + 80” → Y1_4 J41JJ45G SelOn 1_5 4411J6Orange G1_6 427DrawGraph

141-1 Before Starting Calculations...Before performing a calculation for the first time, you should use the set up screento specify the angle unit and

392kkkkk Using Table & Graph Functions in a ProgramP. 206 Table & Graph functions in a program can generate numeric tables and performgraphing

393Using Calculator Functions in Programs 20- 13kkkkk Using Recursion Table & Graph Functions in a ProgramP. 218 Incorporating Recursion Table &am

39420- 13 Using Calculator Functions in ProgramsExecuting this program produces the results shown here.Numeric Table Recursion graphkkkkk Using List S

395Using Calculator Functions in Programs 20- 13kkkkk Using Statistical Calculations and Graphs in a ProgramP. 250 Including statistical calculations

39620- 13 Using Calculator Functions in Programs• The following is a typical graph condition specification for a regression graph.S-Gph1 DrawOn, Linea

397Using Calculator Functions in Programs 20- 13kkkkk Performing Statistical Calculations• Single-variable statistical calculation11-Variable List 1,

398•Sine regression statistical calculationSinReg List 1, List 2• Logistic regression statistical calculationLogisticReg List 1, List 2y-axis data (YL

Data CommunicationsThis chapter tells you everything you need to know to transferprograms between the CASIO Power Graphic unit and anotherCASIO Power

40021-1 Connecting Two UnitsThe following procedure describes how to connect two units with an optional SB-62 connecting cable for transfer of program

40121-2 Connecting the Unit with a PersonalComputerTo transfer data between the unit and a personal computer, you must connectthem through a separatel

15Symbol Meaning UnitE Exa 1018P Peta 1015T Tera 1012G Giga 109MMega 106kkilo 103Before Starting Calculations... 1 - 1uuuuu To specify the number of s

40221-3 Connecting the Unit with a CASIO LabelPrinterAfter you connect the unit to a CASIO Label Printer with an optional SB-62 cable,you can use the

40321-4 Before Performing a Data CommunicationOperationIn the Main Menu, select the LINK icon and enter the LINK Mode. The followingdata communication

40421-5 Performing a Data Transfer OperationConnect the two units and then perform the following procedures.Receiving unitTo set up the calculator to

405• {SEL} ... {selects data item where cursor is located}• {TRAN} ... {sends selected data items}Use the f and c cursor keys to move the cursor to th

40621 - 5 Performing a Data Transfer OperationData item name • {YES} ... {replaces the receiving unit’s existing data with the new data}• {NO} ... {sk

407The following shows what the displays of the sending and receiving units look likeafter the data communication operation is complete.Sending Unit R

40821-6 Screen Send FunctionThe following procedure sends a bit mapped screen shot of the display to aconnected computer.uuuuuTo send the screenP. 402

40921-7 Data Communications PrecautionsNote the following precautions whenever you perform data communications.•An error occurs whenever you try to se

410

Program Library1Prime Factor Analysis2Greatest Common Measure3 t-Test Value4Circle and Tangents5 Rotating a FigureBefore using the Program Library•Be

161 - 1 Before Starting Calculations...kkkkk Inputting CalculationsWhen you are ready to input a calculation, first press A to clear the display.Next,

412PROGRAM SHEETProgram forPrime Factor AnalysisDescriptionProduces prime factors of arbitrary positive integersFor 1 < m < 1010Prime numbers ar

413123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627PLblLblLblLblLblGotoLblLblLblLblLblR01234656789M:::::::::::"2FracBBABA"FM^(AI+÷^^EA"AA+

414PROGRAM SHEETProgram forGreatest Common MeasureDescriptionEuclidean general division is used to determine the greatest common measure for twointere

415123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627CLblAbsBALblCBLblM1A<→2=→3N:→AC:0A:"A⇒:(–)⇒:BFA:GotoB(GotoC^A"Abs2→lnt3→GotoC?B:A(:B1T→→:

416t =(x – m)x n–1 nProgram fort-Test ValueDescriptionThe mean (sample mean) and sample standard deviation can be used to obtain a t-testvalue.x : me

4171234567891015202530354045506080120240∞0.23.0781.8861.6381.5331.4761.4401.4151.3971.3831.3721.3411.3251.3161.3101.3061.3031.3011.2991.2961.2921.2891

418PROGRAM SHEETProgram forCircle and TangentsDescriptionFormula for circle:x2 + y2 = r2Formula for tangent line passingthrough point A (x', y&ap

41912345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334TProg"RProg"X"PlotR(LblGraph Y=""Lbl"YN1ZLbl(Graph Y="

420ViewWindow353637383940414243441212ProgSGraph Y=GotoLblGraph Y=Prog:Lbl"W1CGraph Y=Graph Y="=N39M"Goto3EI(–),I(–)C2(__(W6_NN61R(I⇒XXI

42112345Program forCircle and TangentsNo.4Step Key Operation Display

17! Relational operator =, G, >, <, ≥, ≤@ And (logical operator), and (bitwise operator)# Or (logical operator), or (bitwise operator), xor, xno

422Program forCircle and TangentsNo.4Step Key Operation Display678910

4231112131415Program forCircle and TangentsNo.4Step Key Operation Display

424161718Program forCircle and TangentsNo.4Step Key Operation Display

425PROGRAM SHEETNo.5Program forRotating a FigureDescriptionFormula for coordinate transfor-mation:(x, y) → (x', y')x' = x cos θ – y sin

426LineProgramFilename12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334R."X"PlotX"X"PlotX"X"PlotXLblLine"

42712345Program forRotating a FigureNo.5Step Key Operation Display

428678910Program forRotating a FigureNo.5Step Key Operation Display(Locate the pointer at X = 5)Continue, repeating from step 8.

AppendixAppendix A Resetting the CalculatorAppendix B Power SupplyAppendix C Error Message TableAppendix D Input RangesAppendix E Specifications

430Appendix A Resetting the CalculatorWarning!The procedure described here clears all memory contents. Never perform thisoperation unless you want to

431• If the calculator stops operating correctly forsome reason, use a thin, pointed object topress the P button on the back of thecalculator. This s

181 - 1 Before Starting Calculations...kkkkk StacksThe unit employs memory blocks, called stacks, for storage of low priority valuesand commands. Ther

432Appendix B Power SupplyThis calculator is powered by four AAA-size (LR03 (AM4) or R03 (UM-4))batteries. In addition, it uses a single CR2032 lithiu

433Power Supply Appendix B(Should a battery leak, clean out the battery compartment of the calculatorimmediately, taking care to avoid letting the bat

434Appendix B Power Supply•Power supplied by memory back up battery while the main power supplybatteries are removed for replacement retains memory co

435Power Supply Appendix B6. Wipe off the surfaces of a new battery with a soft,dry cloth. Load it into the calculator so that its positive(+) side is

436Meaning1 Calculation formula contains anerror.2 Formula in a program containsan error.1 Calculation result exceedscalculation range.2 Calculation i

Meaning•Execution of calculations thatexceed the capacity of thestack for numeric values orstack for commands.•Not enough memory to input afunction in

438Functionsinxcosxtanxsin–1xcos–1xtan–1xsinhxcoshxtanhxsinh–1xcosh–1xtanh–1xlogxInx10xexxx21/x3xx!nPrnCrPol (x, y)AccuracyAs a rule,accuracy is±1 at

FunctionRec(r ,θ)° ’ ”←° ’ ”^(xy)xyab/cSTATInternaldigits15 digits"""""AccuracyAs a rule,accuracy is±1 at the10th digit.*&qu

440FunctionBinary,octal,decimal,hexadecimalcalculationInput rangesValues fall within following ranges after conversion:DEC: –2147483648 < x < 21

441Appendix E SpecificationsVariables: 28Calculation range:±1 × 10–99 to ±9.999999999 × 1099 and 0. Internal operations use 15-digit mantissa.Exponent

19kkkkk Overflow and ErrorsExceeding a specified input or calculation range, or attempting an illegal inputcauses an error message to appear on the di

442Appendix E SpecificationsData CommunicationsFunctions:Program contents and file names; function memory data; matrix memory data; listdata; variabl

443SymbolsAList ... 242Σ calculation ... 65Σ display ...

444Cubic equation ... 104Cubic regression ... 262Cumulative frequency ...

445Graph drawing type ... 5, 128Graph function display ... 6, 187Graph function menu ...

446Making corrections ... 41Margin ... 348MAT Mode ...

447Poisson distribution ... 316Polar coordinate function ... 117Population standard deviation ...

448Tt confidence interval ... 300t Test ... 276, 283Table & graph ...

449Command IndexBreak ... 378ClrGraph ...

450Key IndexKey Primary Function combined with !combined withaTrace1Turns trace function on/off.Selects 1st function menu item.Zoom2Turns zoom functio

451Key Primary Function combined with !combined withaeMoves cursor to right. Scrollsscreen. Press after EXE to displaycalculation from beginning.

201 - 1 Before Starting Calculations...kkkkk Graphic Display and Text DisplayThe unit uses both a graphic display and a text display. The graphic disp

452Key Primary Function combined with !combined withaINSDDeletes character at currentcursor location.Allows insertion ofcharacters at cursorlocation.O

453Level 1ANGLCOORGRIDAXESLABLDISPP/LDRAWDERVBACKFUNCSIMLS-WINLISTLOCST-VARΣ DSPRESID Level 2DegRadGraOnOffOnOffOnOffOnOffFixSciNormEngBlueOrngGrnCon

454Level 1COMCTLJUMP?^CLRDISPRELI/O:Level 2IfThenElseI-EndForToStepNextWhleWEndDoLp-WProgRtrnBrkStopLblGoto⇒IszDszTextGrphListStatGrphDynaF-TblR-Tbl=G

455[OPTN] keyLevel 1LISTMATCPLXCALCSTATCOLRHYPPROBNUMANGLESYMPICTFMEMLOGICLevel 2ListL→MDimFillSeqMinMaxMeanMedSumProdCuml%AMatM→LDetTrnAugIdenDimFill

456

GUIDELINES LAID DOWN BY FCC RULES FOR USE OF THE UNIT IN THE U.S.A. (not appli-cable to other areas).NOTICEThis equipment has been tested and found to

CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD.6-2, Hon-machi 1-chomeShibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-8543, JapanG355-21, G356-21, G357-21, G359-21

21Before Starting Calculations... 1 - 1uuuuuTo insert a step Example To change 2.362 to sin2.362c.dgxddddd![s•When you press ![ the insert location i

ABOUT THE COLOR DISPLAYThe display uses three colors: orange, blue, and green, to make data easier tounderstand.• Main Menu • Display Color Adjustment

221-2 Memorykkkkk VariablesThis calculator comes with 28 variables as standard. You can use variables tostore values to be used inside of calculations

23Memory 1 - 2kkkkk Function Memory[OPTN]-[FMEM]Function memory is convenient for temporary storage of often-used expressions.For longer term storage,

24uuuuuTo delete a function Example To delete the contents of function memory number 1K6(g)6(g)3(FMEM)A1(STO) 1(f1)•Executing the store operation whi

252. Press w again to display the memorystatus screen.3. Use f and c to move the highlighting and view the amount of memory (inbytes) used for storage

261 - 2 Memorykkkkk Clearing Memory ContentsUse the following procedure to clear data stored in memory.1. In the memory status screen, use f and c to

271-3 Option (OPTN) MenuThe option menu gives you access to scientific functions and features that are notmarked on the calculator’s keyboard. The con

281-4 Variable Data (VARS) MenuTo recall variable data, press J to display the variable data menu.{V-WIN}/{FACT}/{STAT}/{GRPH}/{DYNA}{TABL}/{RECR}/{EQ

29•{xσn}/{yσn} ... population standard deviation of {x-data}/{y-data}•{xσn-1}/{yσn-1} ... sample standard deviation of {x-data}/{y-data}•{minX}/{minY}

30kkkkk GRPH — Recalling Graph FunctionsSelecting {GRPH} from the VARS menu displays the graph function recall menu.•{Y}/{r} ... {rectangular coordina

31 Example To recall the contents of the numeric table for the functiony = 3x2 – 2, while the table range is Start=0 and End=6, and pitch=14(Reslt)wk

•Statistical Regression Graph Example•When you draw a graph or run a program, any comment text normally appearson the display in blue. You can, howeve

32• The table contents recalled by the above operation are stored automatically inMatrix Answer Memory (MatAns).•An error occurs if you perform the ab

33• The coefficients and solutions recalled by the above operation are storedautomatically in Matrix Answer Memory (MatAns).• The following conditions

341-5 Program (PRGM) MenuTo display the program (PRGM) menu, first enter the RUN or PRGM Mode fromthe Main Menu and then press ! W. The following are

Manual Calculations2-1 Basic Calculations2-2 Special Functions2-3 Function CalculationsChapter2

362-1 Basic Calculationskkkkk Arithmetic Calculations•Enter arithmetic calculations as they are written, from left to right.•Use the - key to input a

37Basic Calculations 2 - 1•Number of decimal place (Fix) and significant digit (Sci) settings normallyremain in effect until you change them or until

38kkkkk Calculations Using VariablesExample Operation Display193.2aaAw 193.2193.2 ÷ 23 = 8.4 aA/23w 8.4193.2 ÷ 28 = 6.9 aA/28w 6.92 - 1 Basic Calcula

392-2 Special Functionskkkkk Answer FunctionThe unit’s Answer Function automatically stores the last result you calculated bypressing w(unless the w k

40kkkkk Using the Replay FunctionThe Replay Function automatically stores the last calculation performed intoreplay memory. You can recall the content

41kkkkk Making Corrections in the Original Calculation Example 14 ÷ 0 × 2.3 entered by mistake for 14 ÷ 10 × 2.3Abe/a*c.dwPress d or e.Make necessar

KEYSAlpha LockNormally, once you press a and then a key to input an alphabetic character, the key-board reverts to its primary functions immediately.

42 Example 6.9 × 123 = 848.7123 ÷ 3.2 = 38.4375AbcdaaA!W6(g)5(:)g.j*aA!W5(^)aA/d.cww•Note that the final result of a multistatement is always display

432-3 Function Calculationskkkkk Function MenusThis calculator includes five function menus that give you access to scientificfunctions that are not p

442 - 3 Function CalculationsuuuuuAngle Units, Coordinate Conversion, Sexagesimal Operations (ANGL)[OPTN]-[ANGL]•{°}/{r}/{g} ... {degrees}/{radians}/{

45Function Calculations 2 - 3kkkkk Trigonometric and Inverse Trigonometric Functions•Be sure to set the angle unit before performing trigonometric fun

46P.52 - 3 Function Calculationskkkkk Logarithmic and Exponential Functions•Be sure to specify “Comp” for Calculation/binary, octal, decimal, hexadeci

47kkkkk Other Functions•Be sure to specify “Comp” for Calculation/binary, octal, decimal, hexadecimalmode.Example Operation Display + = 3.65028154 !

48kkkkk Coordinate Conversionuuuuu Rectangular Coordinatesuuuuu Polar Coordinates•With polar coordinates, θ can be calculated and displayed within a r

49 Example To calculate the possible number of different arrangementsusing 4 items selected from 10 itemsFormula Operation Display10P4 = 5040 10K6(g)

50kkkkk Engineering Notation CalculationsInput engineering symbols using the engineering notation menu.•Be sure to specify “Comp” for Calculation/bina

51kkkkk Logical Operators (AND, OR, NOT)[OPTN]-[LOGIC]The logical operator menu provides a selection of logical operators.•{And}/{Or}/{Not} ... {logic

KEY TABLEviPage Page Page Page Page Page128Page Page Page Page Page132 11347 462 47 46154 144 120369 42 27 28346 4646 4645 4545 4521203636363639364536

522 - 3 Function CalculationsAbout Logical Operations•A logical operation always produces either 0 or 1 as its result.• The following table shows all

Numerical Calculations3-1 Before Performing a Calculation3-2 Differential Calculations3-3 Quadratic Differential Calculations3-4 Integration Calculati

543-1 Before Performing a CalculationThe following describes the items that are available in the menus you use whenperforming Solve, differential/ qua

553-2 Differential Calculations [OPTN]-[CALC]-[d/dx]To perform differential calculations, first display the function analysis menu, andthen input the

56This average, which is called the central difference, is expressed as:uuuuuTo perform a differential calculation Example To determine the derivativ

57kkkkk Applications of Differential Calculations•Differentials can be added, subtracted, multiplied or divided with each other.Therefore:•Differentia

583-3 Quadratic Differential CalculationsAfter displaying the function analysis menu, you can input quadratic differentialsusing either of the two fol

59Input 3 as point a, which is the differential coefficient point.d,Input 6 as n, which is final boundary.g)w•In the function f(x), only X can be used

603-4 Integration Calculations [OPTN]-[CALC]-[∫dx]To perform integration calculations, first display the function analysis menu andthen input the valu

61uuuuuTo perform an integration calculation Example To perform the integration calculation for the function shownbelow, with a tolerance of “tol” =

Turning Power On And OffUsing ModesBasic CalculationsReplay FeaturesFraction CalculationsExponentsGraph FunctionsDual GraphBox ZoomDynamic GraphTable

62•Pressing A during calculation of an integral (while the cursor is not shownon the display) interrupts the calculation.•Always use radians (Rad Mode

63[OPTN]-[CALC]-[FMin]/[FMax]3-5 Maximum/Minimum Value CalculationsAfter displaying the function analysis menu, you can input maximum/minimumcalculati

64 Example 2 To determine the maximum value for the interval defined by startpoint a = 0 and end point b = 3, with a precision of n = 6 for thefunctio

656Σ (k2 – 3k + 5)k = 23-6 Summation (Σ) Calculations [OPTN]-[CALC]-[Σ(]To perform Σ calculations, first display the function analysis menu, and then

663 - 6 Summation (Σ) Calculations•You can use only one variable in the function for input sequence ak.•Input integers only for the initial term of se

Complex NumbersThis calculator is capable of performing the following operationsusing complex numbers.•Arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, m

684-1 Before Beginning a Complex NumberCalculationBefore beginning a complex number calculation, press K3 (CPLX) to displaythe complex number calculat

694-2 Performing Complex Number CalculationsThe following examples show how to perform each of the complex numbercalculations available with this calc

70AK3(CPLX)2(Abs)(d+e1(i))w(Calculation of absolute value)AK3(CPLX)3(Arg)(d+e1(i))w(Calculation of argument)• The result of the argument calculation d

71Performing Complex Number Calculations 4 - 2kkkkk Complex Number Calculation Precautions• The input/output range of complex numbers is normally 10 d